What is pathology in construction and how does it work?

Pathology in construction is a field of study focused on identifying, analyzing and correcting faults, defects and deteriorations that occur in buildings. Just like in medicine, where pathology studies human diseases, in civil engineering, it focuses on "symptoms" that indicate problems in structures. This field is essential to guarantee the safety, durability and functionality of buildings.

What is pathology in construction?

Pathology in construction refers to the study of the causes and effects of failures in buildings. These flaws can be visible, such as cracks in walls and leaks, or invisible to the naked eye, such as internal structural problems. The analysis of these pathologies aims to identify the origin of the problems, understand their impact on the structure and propose effective solutions to correct them.

How does pathology work in construction?

Addressing pathology in construction involves several steps, each crucial to ensure accurate analysis and appropriate solutions:

1. Identification of Symptoms: The first step is to observe and document visible signs of problems, such as cracks, moisture stains, corrosion of reinforcement and structural deformations. These symptoms are the first indications that something is not working properly.

2. Diagnosis: After identifying the symptoms, it is necessary to diagnose the root cause of the problems. This may involve carrying out trials and tests, such as ultrasound, thermography and chemical analysis, as well as evaluating design and maintenance histories.

3. Cause Analysis: Cause analysis takes into account several factors, including design flaws, execution errors, inappropriate use of materials, overloads and lack of maintenance. Understanding the causes is fundamental to proposing effective solutions.

4. Proposing Solutions: With the diagnosis in hand, specialists in construction pathology develop an action plan to correct the problems identified. Solutions can range from local repairs and structural reinforcements to replacing damaged components.

5. Implementation of Solutions: The implementation phase involves carrying out the proposed corrective measures. It is essential that these interventions are carried out by qualified professionals and following the relevant technical standards.

1. Monitoring and Maintenance: After problems have been corrected, it is important to monitor the structure to ensure that the solutions implemented are effective in the long term. Preventative maintenance is also crucial to prevent pathologies from reappearing.

I mportance of Pathology in Civil Construction

Pathology in construction plays a vital role in several areas:

- Structural Safety: Ensuring the safety of occupants and the integrity of buildings is the highest priority. Early identification and correction of pathologies prevents collapses and accidents.

- Durability: By solving problems at the beginning, the useful life of buildings is increased, reducing the need for constant repairs and saving resources in the long term.

- Sustainability: Correcting pathologies minimizes the waste of materials and energy, contributing to environmental sustainability.

- Property Value: Well-maintained buildings free from pathologies have a higher market value, attracting buyers and investors.

- Legal Compliance: Analysis and correction of pathologies help to avoid legal disputes arising from construction failures, protecting both owners and builders.

In summary, pathology in construction is essential for maintaining the quality, safety and value of buildings. Through careful analysis and effective interventions, it is possible to prevent future problems and ensure that buildings remain safe and functional over time.